In recent years, environment has become a key issue in ethiopia. Integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation into the. An evaluation of watershed management practice in ethiopia. The primary objective of the research is to assess the role of community based watershed management for climate change adaptation, in the case of mariamshewito watershed in adwa. Watershed management wm aims at enhancing the water availability in rainfed areas through water conservation structures, which facilitate storage of water and recharge to ground water. Assessment of the effectiveness of watershed management. In ethiopia, watershed management programs commenced in a formal way in the 1970s. Iwmi working paper 170 an assessment of integrated watershed management in ethiopia. Amhara regional agricultural research institute arari stakeholders workshop on enhancing communitiesadaptive capacity to climate change induced water scarcity in kabe watershed, south wollo zone wollo university, dessie. Therefore, this seminar paper is aimed to evaluate the historical perspectives and present scenarios of watershed management in ethiopia. Farmers decision to adopt watershed management practices. This pdf file was adapted from an online training module of the epas. Summary of integrated watershed management approaches across.
An assessment of integrated watershed management in ethiopia. Community based integrated watershed management is the current approach which requires involvement and contribution of local people. Sep 03, 2016 therefore, this seminar paper is aimed to evaluate the historical perspectives and present scenarios of watershed management in ethiopia. The result revealed that the specific adoption rates of over all respondents for many of the practices were low below 50 percent. In spite of substantial progress in watershed management practice in ethiopia, land degradation and unsustainable natural resource base is still continuing. In a fourpart presentation, he shares ethiopias experiences with communitybased participatory watershed development, with case studies from around the country. Communitybased watershed management could be a signi cant factor in helping the government achieve its aim of making agriculture the driving force of economic development in ethiopia.
Integrated watershed and environmental management 3 june 2015 2. Following implementation of watershed management project resulted excessive impact in increasing both quality as well as quantity of livestock which accounts 90% 3 39. The experience in ethiopia showed that the practice of evaluation of the. In ethiopia, this approach is new and requires appropriate strategies to overcome the barriers and practice effective integrated and sustainable watershed management. The watershed management practices played a crucial role in arresting runoff and help to reduce erosion hazard. It also draws, in part, on a series of background reports prepared over a sevenyear period for a broader wetlands and watershed management project conducted by the institute for wetland science. Ethiopia has adopted the principles of integrated water resources management iwrm in its water resources management policy and has already put in place water legislations, strategy, and program for their implementation. The evaluation found that the crs iwm program has made significant positive changes in the lives and livelihoods of rural households. Wetlands and watershed management project undertaken by the association of state wetland managers in the 19952003 period. This includes land improvements, rehabilitation and other technical works as. Wtaer watershed development options in the bale ecoregion 1 share bale ecoregion research report series no. Strengthening watershed and irrigation management u.
Ethiopia has a history of watershed management initiatives dating back to the 1970s. Consequently, in ethiopia watershed management1 programs commenced in a formal way in the 1970s. To design suitable and effective strategies, there is need to understand watershed management approaches. Summary of integrated watershed management approaches. Land and water conservation practices, those made within agricultural 1elds like construction of contour bunds, graded bunds, 1eld. Watershed management experiences in amhara region, ethiopia. Impacts of soil and water conservation practices on. Three of those tools are permits, best management practices bmps and educational programming. Emphasis was placed on choice of technology for soil and water conservation measures. The environmental regulatory context there is a formal environmental regulatory framework in ethiopia within which irrigation schemes must be developed and operate under. The result indicates that, in the burkito and lakole subwatersheds, watershed management focused only on soil and water conservation. Lessons for scaling up salah darghouth, christopher ward, gretel gambarelli, erika styger, and julienne roux the world bank, washington, dc the world bank group. The long term community based participatory watershed management could be an appropriate vehicle for improvement of living conditions of rural communities.
Integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation into. Community based participatory watershed development. The watershed management practices played a crucial role in arresting runoff and help to reduce erosio n h a. Community adoption of watershed management practices at. Watershed technology is suitable to protect and enhance soil fertility, which is deteriorating at an alarming rate with agricultural intensification in high as well as low rainfall regions. In view of that at the pilot watershed level a total of 297 km hillside. Even though a number of soil and water conservation methods were introduced to combat land degradation, adoption of these practices remains below expectations. Poor watershed management and farming practices have contributed to these rates. Tesfa worku,sangharsh kumar tripathi, 2015 watershed management in highlands of ethiopia. Integrated watershed management iwm is one of the best strategies to halt soil degradation, thereby improving agricultural productivity. Community adoption of watershed management practices at kindo didaye district, southern ethiopia merkineh mesene mena, aklilu bajigo madalcho, efrem gulfo and gashaw gismu wolaita sodo university, department of natural resource management, ethiopia submission. To fit their watershed s needs, stakeholders and decision makers may customize the tools that exist for putting watershed management plans into practice. Watershed academy web principles of watershed management. Conservation practices can be divided into two main categories.
It is aimed at supporting scaling up of best management practices in sustainable land management practices and technologies for smallholder farmers in the high potentialfood secure areas that are increasingly becoming vulnerable to land. In the southern nations, nationalities and peoples region of ethiopia, it has been implemented since 2011 by. Specifically, swim rehabilitates water infrastructure, strengthens the water regulatory environment. This research was conducted in the koga watershed, near lake tana, in the catchment of a recently constructed dam. Watershed management wsm is the most widely adopted technology in developed as well as developing countries due to its suitability across climatic conditions. The key points on irrigation watershed management is to handle water yields in stream for maintaining optimum quantity, quality, and flow regime in order to readyuse for irrigating, self. The project, funded by irish aid, is developing an enhanced model for integrated watershed management based on the inclusion of agroforestry practices, such as evergreen agriculture and rural institutional engagement, supported through the adoption of the landcare approach, in. In view of this, the government ethiopia announces 30 days public campaign work for implementation of watershed management practices in the last four years all over the country. Watershed management approaches, policies, and operations. Proceeding of the national workshop on integrated watershed. The opportunity ethiopia has a history of watershed management initiatives dating back to the 1970s. The environmental regulatory context there is a formal environmental regulatory framework in ethiopia within which irrigation schemes must be developed and operate under the constitution of the country and the state regions.
Mar 16, 2012 watershed management experiences in amhara region, ethiopia 1. From that time up to the late 1990s, implementation was typically a governmentled, topdown, incentive. Coinciding with the project launch, the ethiopia country office facilitated a consultative and planning workshop at the beginning of february with farmers, village and district administrators, development agents, district and regional experts, agriculture and nrm office heads, researchers and ngo epresentatives in wukro, tigray, for the enhancing integrated watershed management with climate. Proceeding of the national workshop in integrated v watershed management on gibe omo basin organizers of the workshop phe ethiopia consortium phe is a nonprofit making local ngo that provides coordination and capacitybuilding to 48 member organizations.
Water management means properly organizing the hydrosphere in order to prevent major water crisis in future. Keeping these in view the study entitled watershed management in highlands of ethiopia. The pressure on the land resource is more severe in the highlands of ethiopia 1500 m. Watershed management on gibe omo basin proceeding of the national workshop in integrated watershed management on gibe omo basin jimma university and gilgel gibe site 2325 december 2010, ethiopia jimma university ju heinrich boll foundation hbf sustainable land use forum sluf ethiopian electric power corporation eepco.
Integrated watershed management iwm is a continuous adaptive process of managing human activities and ecosystems at the watershed scale that integrates multiple concepts and methods, including water and land use planning and management e. Traditional water resources management has the capacity to create an astonishing feeling of ownership, equitable distribution, solid management practices, and consistent operation and maintenance. The paper is structured into five main sections which include the history, practices, approaches, lessons learned and the challenges of watershed management in ethiopia. This comparative study between six watershed programs shows that this approach increases farmers food security.
Watershed best management practices for water quality protection, management, and restoration by robert kennedy purpose. Other organizations have also played a relevant role in promoting watershed management planning in ethiopia in various regions and weredas. Watershed is that land area which drains or contributes runoff to a common outlet. Factors affecting farmers participation in watershed. Issn 10204466 developing participatory and integrated. Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans, programs and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal, and human communities within the watershed boundary.
The strengthening watershed and irrigation management swim project supports sustainable, agricultureled economic growth by increasing the sustainable and productive use of water and strengthening water resource management in northern afghanistan. Read this article to learn about watershed management. Community adoption of watershed management practices at kindo. Sustainable participatory watershed management is an approach promoted by the ethiopian government to restore natural resources and agricultural productivity across the country. The word watershed introduced in 1920 was used for the water parting boundaries. Soil and water conservation practices are the primary step of watershed management program. The main environmental problems in the country include land degradation, soil erosion, and deforestation, loss of biodiversity, desertification, recurrent drought, flood and water and air pollution. This technical note describes the need for and use of a variety of best m anagement practices bmps for urban and agricultural waters heds as a m eans to m anage, protect, and restore the quality of water resources. Ethiopias national communitybased watershed management. At present, the overall objectives of watershed development and management programs take the watershed as the hydrological unit, and aim to adopt suitable measures for soil and water conservation, provide adequate water for agriculture and domestic use, and improve the livelihoods of the inhabitants. Communitybased watershed management could be a signicant factor in helping the government achieve its aim of making agriculture the driving force of economic development in ethiopia.
According to the participatory watershed management guidelines l. From the point of view of cost recovery, it is quite agreeable with the scientific demand. Before introduction of watershed management practice in ethiopia, the livestock number were decreased due to shortage of livestock feed. Watershed management experiences in amhara region, ethiopia 1. Ethiopia ethiopia is a large country having 1 million hectares that is endowed with diverse climatic and physiographic. Ethiopia dejene teressa college of natural resource and environmental science, oda bultum university, po. Historical perspectives and present scenarios of watershed. Community adoption of watershed management practices at kindo didaye district, southern ethiopia. Lakew desta, capacity building and networking advisor at tbiwrdp tanabeles integrated water resources development project,ethiopia, was one of the contributors to the guidelines. In view of tha t at the pilot watersh ed level a total of 297 km hillside. Assess household participation and management practices in the study area. The main objective of the study was to examine farmers adoption decisions and intensity of adoption of watershed management practices in rebu watershed of the upper gibe basin, ethiopia. In addition to the present report these documents include.
Watershed management approaches are evolving throughout the country and are being used to solve tough problems. The watershed management practices played a crucial role in arresting runoff and help to reduce erosio n h a zard. Watershed management experiences in amhara region fentahun mengistu dr. Indigenous practices of water management for sustainable. In spite of having the aforementioned efforts on watershed management development, the effectiveness of the intervention was not often evaluated. Amhara regional agricultural research institute arari stakeholders workshop on enhancing communitiesadaptive capacity to climate change induced water scarcity in kabe watershed, south wollo zone wollo university, dessie, ethiopia, 2425 november 2011.
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